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(詳細は The MOT test (or simply MOT) is an annual test of vehicle safety, roadworthiness aspects and exhaust emissions required in Great Britain for most vehicles over three years old used on any way defined as a ''road'' in the Road Traffic Act 1988; it does not apply only to highways (or in Scotland a relevant ''road'') but includes other places available for public use, which are not highways.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Road Traffic Act 1988 )〕 In Northern Ireland the equivalent requirement applies after four years.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MOT and vehicle testing )〕 The requirement does not apply to vehicles used ''only'' on various small islands with no convenient connection "to a road in any part of Great Britain";〔DVLA form V112〕 no similar exemption is listed at the beginning of 2014 for Northern Ireland, which has a single inhabited island, Rathlin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About the MOT scheme )〕 The name derives from the Ministry of Transport,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ukmot.com/faq.asp#q1 )〕 a defunct government department, which was one of several ancestors of the current Department for Transport, but is still officially used. The MOT test certificates are currently issued in Great Britain under the auspices of the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) (formed as a result of the merger between the Driving Standards Agency (DSA) and the Vehicle and Operator Services Agency (VOSA)) an executive agency of the Department for Transport, and before 1 April 2014 by VOSA. Certificates in Northern Ireland are issued by the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA). The test and the pass certificate are often referred to simply as the "MOT". About 20,100〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Questions about the MOT scheme (F0002763) )〕 local car repair garages throughout Great Britain, employing about 53,000 testers,〔 are authorised to perform testing and to issue certificates. In principle, any individual in Great Britain can apply to run a MOT station, although in order to gain an authorisation from DVSA, both the individual wanting to run the station, as well as the premises, need to meet minimal criteria set out on the government's website within the so-called VT01 form. In Northern Ireland tests are performed exclusively at the DVA's own test centres, although currently there is an open project investigating bringing Northern Ireland in line with mainland UK. ==History== The MOT test was first introduced in 1960 under the direction of the Minister of Transport, Ernest Marples〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the MOT Test )〕 under powers in the Road Traffic Act 1956. The test was originally a basic test including brakes, lights and steering check which was to be carried out after the vehicle was ten years old and every year thereafter. This became known as the "ten year test", or alternatively the "Ministry of Transport Test". The high failure rate resulted in the age that vehicles became due for testing being reduced to seven years on 31 December 1961. In 1962, the first commercial vehicle exam was created and a valid certificate was required in order to receive a tax disc, and in April 1967 the testable age for an MOT was reduced to three years. On 1 January 1983 the testable age for ambulances, taxis and vehicles with more than eight passenger seats, excluding the driver's, was reduced to one year. The list of items tested has been continually expanded over the years, including in 1968 – a tyre check; 1977 – checks of windscreen wipers and washers, direction indicators, brakelights, horns, exhaust system and condition of the body structure and chassis; 1991 – checks of the emissions test for petrol engine vehicles, together with checks on the anti-lock braking system, rear wheel bearings, rear wheel steering (where appropriate) and rear seat belts; 1992 – a stricter tyre tread depth requirement for most vehicles; 1994 – a check of emissions for diesel engine vehicles; 2005 – introduction of a computerised administration system for issuing non-secure test certificates. Also rolled out in 2005 was the creation of the 'Automated Test Bay' this differs from traditional testing by adding additional equipment to the bay to negate the use of an assistant during the test; 2012 – checks of secondary restraint systems, battery and wiring, ESC, speedometers and steering locks. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MOT test」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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